In landscaping, the water drainage should be directed away from which structures?

• A. Away from trees
• B. Away from buildings
• C. Toward trees
• D. Toward buildings

Answer: (B)

Water drainage should be directed away from structures to protect foundations and prevent moisture problems. When runoff is aimed at a building, it can seep into the foundation, increase hydrostatic pressure on basement walls, and lead to leaks or dampness in the interior. By grading the landscape so that water flows away from the building, you keep the soil near the foundation drier and reduce the risk of structural damage.

Directing water away from trees or toward trees doesn’t address the primary risk to the structure, and directing water toward a building obviously defeats the purpose by pushing moisture into the foundation. The key goal is to keep runoff moving away from the built features.